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2020 Vol.53, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original research article

Evaluating Pollution Indexes using Heavy Metal Concentrations in Agricultural Soils around Industrial Complexes in the Jeon-Nam Regions of Korea
Sorakon Suwanmanon1
,
Ki In Kim2†
1Researcher, Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
2Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
*rollingkim@mokpo.ac.kr
30 November 2020. pp. 446-457
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Abstract

The main purpose of this study was to investigate soil contamination using heavy metal analysis in agricultural fields around industrial complexes in the Jeon-Nam regions in Korea. Ten counties in Jeon-Nam province for soil samples near industrial complexes were Gwangyang, Muan, Yeongam, Hampyeong, Haenam, Naju, Jangheung, Boseong, Yeosu, and Damyang. At agricultural field sites soil samples were collected in the spring of 2018 at two soil depths (0-15 cm and 15-30) within a 500- and 1000-meter radius next to industrial complexes before planting. All soil samples were analyzed for the 8 heavy metals including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cupper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and zinc (Zn). The results showed that the heavy metal concentrations were below the levels of Soil Contamination Warning Standard (SCWS) for agricultural lands (Region 1) which is regulated by Soil Environment Conservation Law (SECL) established by Ministry of Environment (MOE), Korea. Other heavy metal indexes such as soil pollution index (SPI), pollution index (PI), and pollution load index (PLI) were evaluated to determine contamination of soils due to heavy metals. If SPI is less than 1.0, then soil heavy metal concentration is within the levels of soil contamination warning standard. In this study, SPI is less than 1.0 that means soil is not contaminated. Second, PI for the studied soils is less than 1.0, which classified into “Classification index 1” which means uncontaminated soils. Lastly, PLI for studied soils is between 0.10 and 0.24, classified into “Classification index 2” which is unpolluted soil. For interpreting the PI, the heavy metal concentration and background concentration should be used very carefully if the heavy metal concentration in the soil is lower than the background concentration. In this case, PI value of Hg can mislead interpretation if the soil heavy metal concentration is less than the background concentration. For example, Hg concentration for the background concentration is 0.025 mg kg-1 and Hg concentration for studied soils ranged from 0.000 to 0.004 mg kg-1. Further research is needed to continue to monitor soil heavy metal distribution near industrial complexes in Jeon-Nam province of Korea.

Descriptive statistics of heavy metals concentration in agricultural soils near the industrial complexes in Jeon-Nam Province in Korea.
Keywords
Agricultural field
Heavy metal
Soil Contamination warning standard
Soil pollution index
Pollution index
Pollution load index
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국토양비료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국토양비료학회 학회지
  • Volume : 53
  • No :4
  • Pages :446-457
  • Received Date : 2020-09-08
  • Revised Date : 2020-10-09
  • Accepted Date : 2020-10-12
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2020.53.4.446
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