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2019 Vol.52, Issue 4 Preview Page

Short communication

Changes of Soil Chemical Quality Index of Paddy Soils by Long-term Application of Soil Amendments
Myung Sook Kim1*
,
Seong Jin Park1
,
Sung Hun Kim1
,
Hyun Young Hwang1
,
Song Heui Ahn1
,
Dong Won Lee1
,
Yun hae Lee1
1Soil & Fertilizer Management Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences
* Corresponding Author
30 November 2019. pp. 334-344
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Abstract

Soil is an essential resource for life and its properties are susceptible to be modified by application of soil amendment. The impact of management practices on soil function can be assessed through a soil quality index. The changes in soil chemical quality index in paddy soils applied of soil amendments were assessed from data of long-term experiment plots which were operated from 1969 to 2016 by the National Institute of Agricultural Science, Wanju, Korea. The treatments were inorganic fertilization (NPK), inorganic fertilizer plus soil amendments (rice straw compost, NPK+C; silicate fertilizer, NPK+S; mixing rice straw compost and silicate fertilizer, NPK+CS). The quality index of soil for chemical properties was analysed by method suggested by Yoon et al. (2004) which calculating soil quality index integrating the score of the each soil chemical property and divided into by 4 periods (Period Ⅰ: 1969 - 1978, Period Ⅱ: 1979 - 1985, Period Ⅲ: 1986 - 2001, Period Ⅳ: 2002 - 2016). The paddy fields for the long-term experiments were changed to a soil with good quality under application of soil amendment over a period of time. The order of magnitude of soil chemical quality index was NPK+CS > NPK+S > NPK+C > NPK. Chemical attributes such as pH, SOM, and Av.SiO2 increased the soil quality index in NPK+C, NPK+S, and NPK+CS compared to NPK. The quality index of soil chemical properties of NPK, NPK+C and NPK+S treatments ranged from 70 to 74 in period, from 64 to 71 in period Ⅱ, and to 75 to 82 in period Ⅲ and Ⅳ. Especially, the decrease of the chemical quality index value of NPK, NPK+C and NPK+S treatments in Period Ⅱ was attributed to the decrease of the soil pH value below the optimum range of rice growth due to irrigation water. The NPK+CS treatment increased to the highest value of 87 in period I, but tended to decrease slightly at period Ⅲ and Ⅳ. It showed that these were caused by the accumulation of silicate fertilizer, resulting in a decrease of the chemical quality index value of the soil. When a constant amount of soil amendments was continuously applied for 48 years, the soil chemical quality index were improved. After that period, the soil chemical quality index, however, was decreased because of excess accumulation of soil amendments. In view of the soil chemical quality index values, optimal application of soil amendment is the most suitable management for this site since it preserves soil quality and provides an acceptable rice grain yield.

Changes of score of soil chemical quality index by periods in a paddy soil by long-term application of inorganic fertilizers and soil amendments.

Period NPK NPK+C NPK+S NPK+CS
Starting year ('54) 34 34 34 34
Period I (69 - 79) 67 72 77 87
Period II (80 - 89) 63 66 77 81
Period III (90 - 02) 67 69 82 78
Period IV (03 - 16) 75 77 80 80

Keywords
Indicators of soil chemical quality
Soil amendment
Long-term application
Paddy field
Rice straw compost
Silicate fertilizer

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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국토양비료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국토양비료학회 학회지
  • Volume : 52
  • No :4
  • Pages :334-344
  • Received Date : 2019-09-19
  • Revised Date : 2019-10-30
  • Accepted Date : 2019-11-04
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2019.52.4.334
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