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2021 Vol.54, Issue 2 Preview Page

Original research article

Effect of Cultivation of Rotation Crops on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Yield of Watermelon in Greenhouse
Young-Sang Kim1*
,
Ki-Hyun Kim1
,
Taek-Gu Jeong1
,
Jong-Woo Han1
,
Ik-Jei Kim2
,
Tae-Il Kim2
,
Young-Ho Kim2
,
Yong-Sup Song2
1Researcher, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Cheongju 28130, Korea
2Senior Researcher, Chungcheongbuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Cheongju 28130, Korea
*Corresponding Author
31 May 2021. pp. 193-203
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Abstract

Most of the plastic vinyl house areas are filled with many fertilizer materials for the year-round cultivation of crops. The sequence cultivation of specific crops is deficient in essential elements, salt accumulation, excess, and deficiency of nutrients. The objective of this study was to investigate soil properties and watermelon productivity in plastic film houses according to the short-term crop rotation in the continuous watermelon-cultivated soils. The short-term rotation crops selected were watermelon, pumpkin, sesame, spinach, radish and soybean. The results are as follows. In the following crop rotation of soybean and sesame, the volume density decreased, the porosity increased, and the ratio of the solid phase in the soil was lowered. After the experiment pH and exchangeable Mg increased in all treatments irrespective of the crop rotation, and EC and available phosphorus decreased with sesame, spinach, radish, and soybean rotation. Soil organic matter (SOM) increased in soybean and sesame rotation treatments and decreased in watermelon, pumpkin, spinach, and radish rotation treatments. Among the growth characteristics of watermelon, stem diameter, plant length, and fresh weight showed good growth in spinach, radish, and soybean rotation treatments, and watermelon continuous cropping and pumpkin rotation treatment generally showed poor growth. The yields of watermelon were increased by 7 - 8% to 45,620 and 46,030 kg ha-1, respectively, in radish and soybean rotation treatments, compared with 42,730 kg ha-1 of watermelon continuous cropping treatment. These results suggest that the addition of short-term rotational crops such as radish and soybean crops could improve the physico-chemical properties of the soil and improve watermelon productivity.

Changes of soil chemical properties according to rotation crop after experiment.
Rotation crop system (spring + autumn) pH (1:5) EC (dS m-1) OM (g kg-1) Av. P2O5 (mg kg-1) Exch. cations (cmolc kg-1)
K Ca Mg
†W + Watermelon 2015 6.2 b‡ 4.60 ab 22.5 b 315 b 0.34 a 8.5 ab 2.7 ab
2016 6.3 ab 4.63 ab 20.8 bc 320 b 0.37 ab 8.6 ab 2.9 a
2017 6.3 ab 4.80 a 17.8 c 327 ab 0.36 ab 8.4 ab 2.7 ab
W + Pumpkin 2015 6.2 b 4.50 ab 23.2 b 324 ab 0.33 ab 8.5 ab 2.7 ab
2016 6.2 b 4.70 a 22.1 b 341 a 0.41 a 8.5 ab 2.9 a
2017 6.4 ab 4.82 a 16.0 c 354 a 0.42 a 8.6 ab 2.9 a
W + Sesame 2015 6.3 ab 4.20 bc 22.4 b 302 bc 0.29 ab 8.3 b 2.6 b
2016 6.4 ab 3.65 cd 23.7 ab 288 c 0.30 ab 8.3 b 2.5 bc
2017 6.4 ab 3.40 cd 24.6 a 265 c 0.27 ab 8.2 bc 2.4 bc
W + Spinach 2015 6.3 ab 4.20 bc 22.0 b 322 b 0.30 ab 8.5 ab 2.8 ab
2016 6.4 ab 4.07 c 21.5 b 332 ab 0.25 b 8.5 ab 2.9 a
2017 6.5 a 3.70 cd 18.9 c 347 a 0.22 b 8.6 ab 2.9 a
W + Radish 2015 6.3 ab 4.30 b 23.1 ab 310 b 0.29 ab 8.3 b 2.5 bc
2016 6.3 ab 3.72 cd 19.6 c 282 c 0.28 ab 8.1 c 2.3 c
2017 6.4 ab 3.32 d 20.0 bc 277 c 0.22 b 8.0 c 2.3 c
W + Soybean 2015 6.2 b 4.10 c 21.8 bc 308 bc 0.28 ab 8.6 a 2.8 ab
2016 6.3 ab 3.70 cd 22.8 b 301 bc 0.25 ab 8.7 a 2.7 ab
2017 6.4 ab 3.20 d 25.4 a 285 c 0.26 ab 8.7 a 2.5 bc

†W: watermelon, ‡Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at 0.05 probability level according to Duncan’s multiple range test.

Keywords
Continuous cropping
Crop rotation
Soil
Watermelon
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국토양비료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국토양비료학회 학회지
  • Volume : 54
  • No :2
  • Pages :193-203
  • Received Date : 2021-03-23
  • Revised Date : 2021-05-04
  • Accepted Date : 2021-05-06
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2021.54.2.193
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