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2019 Vol.52, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original research article

Optimal Fertilizer Requirement for 9 Greenhouse Vegetable Crop Cultivation with Fertilization System: On-Site Survey
Ye-Jin Lee1
,
Seul-Bi Lee1
,
Jwakyung Sung2*
1Division of Soil & Fertilizer, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA
2Department of Crop Science, Chungbuk National University
* Corresponding Author
30 November 2019. pp. 513-519
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Abstract

The fertigation system has continuously been increasing to extend crop cultivation, to provide simultaneously water and mineral nutrients, and to finally enhance yield and quality. The fertigation has a strength to regulate water and fertilizer relatively freely without any limitation of time, quantity, and type of fertilizers. However, a decision for those extremely depends on farmer’s experience due to an absence of standardized fertigation manual for each crop. As a measure to solve these problems, it should be firstly considered when, what and how farmers implement various requirements, and thus we surveyed some basic information to make a concept for crop-customized fertigation manual. The workflow was as followed: 1) choose crops → 9 major vegetables growing with fertigation, 2) monitor massive production area and select 2 sites with different cultivation period, 3) on-site survey and sampling at least two times during cultivation, early harvest and maximum harvest stages, and 4) analyze soil and plant samples and compute optimal rates for crop- and cultivation type-customized fertigation. Plant density was greater in forcing cultivation, and application rates were relatively higher in sequential harvest. The ratio of top dressing (fertigation) to total application generally ranged from 60 - 80% although some farmers were beyond the bounds. Mineral nutrient contents (N, P, and K) were more concentrated in Solanaceae, and it was observed that the quantity and concentration of fertigation were higher in sequential (e.g. cucumber) compared to once (e. g. watermelon). Given the result from the present on-site survey, it is carefully suggested to revise an application rate of top dressing for fertigation, to make the standardized- or customized-fertigation manual by crops, to implement practical means to optimize soil mineral contents, and to extend an education about application of smart and effective fertigation for farmers.

Differences in nutrients uptake by cultivation period and crops under fertigation system.

Species Crop Cultivation period Uptake (kg 10a-1)
N P K
Solanaceae Pepper Sep. ~ June 27.7 ± 5.9 3.7 ± 0.8 32.2 ± 5.0
Feb. ~ June 19.4 ± 3.3 2.5 ± 0.5 22.2 ± 3.5
Tomato Sep. ~ Apr. 12.0 ± 0.9 3.3 ± 0.3 25.5 ± 2.3
May ~ Oct. 21.3 ± 4.3 5.8 ± 1.0 41.1 ± 6.3
Eggplant Sep. ~ July 44.6 ± 5.2 9.4 ± 0.4 99.5 ± 9.0
Feb. ~ July 30.7 ± 10.9 5.8 ± 2.4 56.7 ± 14.5
Cucurbitaceae Cucumber Dec. ~ May 18.7 ± 1.5 4.0 ± 0.3 16.7 ± 1.2
Jan. ~ July 30.8 ± 2.4 6.6 ± 0.5 27.4 ± 2.1
Watermelon Jan. ~ Apr. 9.6 ± 1.0 1.4 ± 0.1 15.6 ± 1.6
Mar. ~ June 8.0 ± 1.3 1.2 ± 0.1 13.9 ± 1.5
Oriental melon Dec. ~ Aug. 10.6 ± 2.7 2.1 ± 0.5 19.0 ± 4.1
Melon Jan. ~ May 9.3 ± 1.3 2.5 ± 0.3 19.7 ± 2.9
Apr. ~ July 12.1 ± 4.5 3.2 ± 1.3 24.4 ± 8.2
Green pumpkin Mar. ~ July 24.9 ± 7.8 5.5 ± 1.7 30.3 ± 9.5
Rosaceae Strawberry Sep. ~ May 13.0 ± 2.8 2.8 ± 0.6 17.1 ± 3.6

Keywords
Fertigation
Mineral uptake
Soil nitrate-N
Vegetable crops

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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국토양비료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국토양비료학회 학회지
  • Volume : 52
  • No :4
  • Pages :513-519
  • Received Date : 2019-10-28
  • Revised Date : 2019-11-07
  • Accepted Date : 2019-11-14
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2019.52.4.513
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