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2022 Vol.55, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original research article

Heavy Metals Pollution of Agricultural Soils near Industrial Complexes in Jeon-Nam Regions of Korea
Suwanmanon Sorakon1
,
Ki In Kim2*
1Research Scientist, Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
2Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea
*Corresponding Author
30 November 2022. pp. 343-352
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Abstract

Monitoring heavy metal concentrations in agricultural soils near industrial area is very important due to food safety. The aim of this study was to assess the heavy metal concentrations, pollution index (PI), and pollution load index (PLI) in agricultural soils close to industrial complexes in Jeon-Nam province. Fifteen industrial complexes in Jeon-Nam province were selected (Yeongam, Muan, Yeonggwang, Hampyeong, Gangjin, Wando, Haenam, Jindo, Jangseong, Damyang, Boseong, Goheung, Hwasun, Gokseong, and Gurye). Five agricultural fields each were selected at each industrial complex within 500 meter and 1,000 meter radius at each industrial complexe boundaries, respectively. Two depth of soil samples (0 - 15 cm depth for top soil and 15 - 30 cm depth for sub soil) were collected in spring of 2020 before planting. Soil samples were analyzed for seven heavy metals, including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). Heavy metal concentrations for both top and sub soil ranged from 1.7 to 8.6 mg kg-1 for As, from 0.3 to 0.9 mg kg-1 for Cd, from 13.3 to 67.8 mg kg-1 for Cr, from 8.9 to 20.7 mg kg-1 for Cu, from 7.0 to 28.1 mg kg-1 for Ni, from 7.0 to 31.8 mg kg-1 for Pb, from 62.6 to 143.9 mg kg-1 for Zn. Heavy metal concentrations in studied soils were not higher than the levels of Soil Contamination Warning Standard (SCWS). Pollution index (PI) and pollution load index (PLI) values of all seven heavy metals including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn ranged from 0.1 to 0.7 for PI and from 0.14 to 0.30 for PLI. Both values were less than 1. Therefore, these soils are classified uncontaminated for PI and unpolluted for PLI. Overall, all soil samples did not exceed the level limits of Soil Environment Conservation Law (SECL).

Descriptive statistics of heavy metals concentration in agricultural soils near the industrial complexes in Jeon-Nam province in Korea.
Element† As (mg kg-1) Cd (mg kg-1) Cr (mg kg-1) Cu (mg kg-1) Ni (mg kg-1) Pb (mg kg-1) Zn (mg kg-1)
Soil depth Top Sub Top Sub Top Sub Top Sub Top Sub Top Sub Top Sub
Average 4.5 4.8 0.6 0.6 27.7 27.7 13.9 13.6 12.8 13.1 13.3 13.7 96.9 95.2
Min. 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.2 1.7 2.3 1.5 2.2 1.2 1.5 0.0 2.9 32.6 33.9
Max. 13.8 16.9 1.3 1.3 128.8 116.1 33.9 40.0 52.6 46.1 65.9 82.5 206.8 187.0
Stdev. 2.4 2.7 0.2 0.2 17.4 16.5 6.3 6.2 7.2 6.9 8.3 9.5 34.8 33.6
C.V. (%) 52.9 56.9 36.2 38.5 62.9 59.4 45.3 45.9 56.0 53.0 62.3 69.4 35.9 35.3
Kurtosis 1.6 3.9 0.9 0.8 9.1 6.8 0.7 2.4 8.2 5.3 13.7 22.5 0.4 0.2
Skweness 1.0 1.4 0.7 0.8 2.3 2.0 0.9 1.2 2.2 1.8 3.0 3.9 0.8 0.8
SCWS limit 25 4 n/a 150 100 200 300
Number of above SCWS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

†Min., minimum; Max., maximum; Stdev., standard deviation; C.V., coefficients variations.

Soil Contamination Warning Standard (SCWS) from Ministry of Environment (MOE) in Korea.

Keywords
Heavy metal
Industrial complex
PI
PLI
SCWS
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Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국토양비료학회
  • Journal Title :Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국토양비료학회 학회지
  • Volume : 55
  • No :4
  • Pages :343-352
  • Received Date : 2022-09-29
  • Revised Date : 2022-11-04
  • Accepted Date : 2022-11-10
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7745/KJSSF.2022.55.4.343
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